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Stiff diagram

How to read a Stiff diagram

A compact polygon whose width is salinity and whose shape is a water-type fingerprint — perfect for mapping.

The gist

A Stiff diagram turns a sample into a polygon — its width shows how mineralised the water is, and its shape is a fingerprint of water type that you can compare at a glance or plot on a map.

How it's built

Cations are plotted to the left of a central zero axis and anions to the right, each on its own horizontal line in meq/L. Connecting the points makes a closed shape. Hydrochart uses the standard three-row layout: Na+K, Ca and Mg on the left; Cl, HCO₃ and SO₄ on the right.

Na⁺+K⁺Cl⁻Ca²⁺HCO₃⁻Mg²⁺SO₄²⁻Fresh · Ca–HCO₃Saline · Na–Clsame rows —differentshape & width← cations | anions → · horizontal axis is meq/L
Two waters, same rows, very different polygons. Width scales with concentration; the shape encodes the water type.

What to read

Where Stiff shines. Because each sample is a compact glyph, Stiff diagrams are ideal for maps: drop one at each bore location and spatial patterns — a freshwater lens, a saline plume, seawater intrusion along a coastline — jump out as changes in shape and size.

Watch for

Stiff shapes are qualitative. They're excellent for pattern-spotting and communication, but for precise classification or charge-balance checking, pair them with a Piper plot and Hydrochart's QA flag. Very dilute samples produce tiny polygons that can be hard to compare — switching to Schoeller (log scale) helps there.

Authoritative sources & further reading

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